Atlas of Battles

battle, landmark, early modern

Third Battle of Panipat

Third Battle of Panipat was a battle fought on 14 January 1761 at Panipat, in what is now India. The recorded result: Durrani victoryMughal emperor exiled to Oudh State.

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Fought14 January 1761
WherePanipat, India29.390N, 76.970E
OutcomeDurrani victoryMughal emperor exiled to Oudh State
BelligerentsDurrani Empire; Supported by: Rohilla Kingdom of Rohilkhand; Ahmadzai Khanate of Kalat; Nishapuri Kingdom of Awadh; Tanoli State of Amb; Chand Kingdom of Kumaon; Kalhora State of Sindh; Mughal noblesagainstMaratha Empire; Peshwa; Holkar State of Indore; Scindia State of Gwalior; Gaekwad State of Baroda

Record

Date14 January 1761
PlacePanipat, India
29.390N, 76.970E
KindBattle, early modern
Commanders
  • Ahmad Shah Durrani
  • Timur Shah Durrani
  • Jahan Khan (Afghan general)
  • Najib ad-Dawlah
  • Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech
  • Saadullah Khan of Rohilkhand
  • Sadashiv Rao Bhau
  • Senapati
  • Vishwasrao
  • Shamsher Bahadur I
  • Malhar Rao Holkar
  • Mahadaji Shinde
Third Battle of PanipatThird Battle of PanipatBattle of PanipatBattle of PanipatBattle of KarnalSecond Battle of TarainBattle of Badli-ki-SeraiBattle of PanipatBattle of KarnalSecond Battle of TarainBattle of Badli-ki-SeraiNew DelhiMeerutFaridabadSaharanpurDehra DunPatialaKarnalHisar100 km29.390N, 76.970E
The recorded site, with the nearest other engagements in the atlas. Present-day coastlines, rivers and borders; towns from Natural Earth.

The ground today

Relief of the ground around the site of Third Battle of Panipat
Relief within about 10.0 km of the site, contours every 25 m. Copernicus DEM GLO-30, ESA.
Satellite view of the site of Third Battle of Panipat today
The same ground from Sentinel-2 on 2024-10-15. Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2024.

The recorded site stands at about 238 m; within 10.0 km the ground runs from 0 to 260 m, 260 m of relief, hilly country and today it is 83% built-up, 9% cropland, 3% tree cover.

built-up: 83%cropland: 9%tree cover: 3%grassland: 3%built-up 83%cropland 9%tree cover 3%grassland 3%
west to east, 10.0 km0 to 247 mnorth to south, 10.0 km232 to 243 m
Elevation from the Copernicus DEM GLO-30 (ESA, Airbus); land cover from ESA WorldCover 2021 (CC BY 4.0), within about 5 km of the recorded site. Computed, not recorded.

Nearest engagements

Contested ground: this site was fought over 3 times between 1526 and 1761.

Elsewhere in 1761

Third Battle of Panipat is one of 2,009 engagements of the 18th century in the atlas and one of 354 in present-day India.

Sources

Identity, coordinates, dates and the war from Wikidata Q1259218, released under CC0. Result, belligerents, commanders, strength and casualties from the infobox of the English Wikipedia article Third Battle of Panipat, revision 1383907735, read 2026-11-14, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; the article's text is not reproduced here. Present-day country and state from Natural Earth. Dates before 1582 follow the Julian calendar as recorded.