Atlas of Battles

battle, landmark, First World War

Battle of the Somme

Battle of the Somme was a battle fought on 1 July 1916 at River Somme, in what is now France; it lasted 5 months. It was part of the Western Front, which ran from 1914 to 1918. The recorded result: Inconclusive.

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An early model British Mark I "male" tank, named C-15, near Thiepval, 25 September 1916. The tank is probably in reserve for the Battle of Thiepval Ridge which began on 26 September. The tank is fitte
An early model British Mark I "male" tank, named C-15, near Thiepval, 25 September 1916. The tank is probably in reserve for the Battle of Thiepval Ridge which began on 26 September. The tank is fitte. Ernest Brooks, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
Fought1 July 1916lasted 5 months
WhereRiver Somme, France50.016N, 2.697E
OutcomeInconclusive
Part ofWestern Front1914 to 1918

Where it sits in the Western Front

Siege of Antwerp, 1914Battle of St. Quentin, 1914Battle of Liège, 1914Battle of Mangiennes, 1914Battle of Haelen, 1914Battle of Lorraine, 1914Battle of Sarrebourg, 1914Siege of Namur, 1914Battle of Charleroi, 1914Battle of the Ardennes, 1914Battle of Rossignol, 1914Battle of Mons, 1914Siege of Maubeuge, 1914Burning of Louvain, 1914Battle of Le Cateau, 1914Battle of Le Grand Fayt, 1914Battle of Étreux, 1914Ovillers-la-Boisselle in World War I, 1914Battle of Grand Couronné, 1914Battle of the Two Morins, 1914Battle of Multien, 1914Battle of the Frontiers, 1914First Battle of the Marne, 1914Battle of Flirey, 1914Battle of Albert, 1914Battle of Buggenhout, 1914First Battle of Picardy, 1914First Battle of the Aisne, 1914Battle of La Bassée, 1914Battle of Messines, 1914Battle of Armentières, 1914Battle of the Yser, 1914First Battle of Ypres, 1914First Battle of Artois, 1914First Battle of Champagne, 1914Battle of Hartmannswillerkopf, 1915Battle of Neuve Chapelle, 1915Second Battle of Ypres, 1915Battle of Kitcheners' Wood, 1915Battle of Hill 60, 1915Second Battle of Artois, 1915Battle of Aubers Ridge, 1915Battle of Hébuterne, 1915Third Battle of Artois, 1915Second Battle of Champagne, 1915Battle of Loos, 1915Action of the Hohenzollern Redoubt, 1915Battle of Flers–Courcelette, 1916Battle of Albert, 1916Battle of Verdun, 1916Battle of Caures Woods, 1916Hohenzollern Redoubt, 1916Storming of Fort Vaux, 1916Battle of Mont Sorrel, 1916Battle of the Boar's Head, 1916Battle of the Somme, 1916First day on the Somme, 1916Leipzig salient, 1916Capture of La Boisselle, 1916Battle of Mametz Wood, 1916Battle of Mametz Wood, 1916Battle of Bazentin Ridge, 1916Capture of Ovillers, 1916Battle of Fromelles, 1916Battle of Delville Wood, 1916Battle of Guillemont, 1916Capture of Martinpuich, 1916Battle of Thiepval Ridge, 1916Battle of Morval, 1916Battle of Mouquet Farm, 1916Capture of Combles, 1916Battle of the Ancre Heights, 1916Battle of Le Transloy, 1916Capture of Regina Trench, 1916Battle of the Ancre, 1916Operations on the Gheluvelt Plateau, July–August 1917, 1917Battle of Langemarck, 1917Battle of Arras, 1917Second Battle of the Aisne, 1917Battle of the Hills, 1917Battle of Messines, 1917Third Battle of Ypres, 1917Battle of Pilckem Ridge, 1917Capture of Westhoek, 1917Action of the Cockcroft, 19 August 1917, 1917Action of 22 August 1917, 1917Battle of the Menin Road Ridge, 1917Capture of Wurst Farm, 1917Battle of Polygon Wood, 1917Battle of Broodseinde, 1917Battle of Poelcappelle, 1917First Battle of Passchendaele, 1917Battle of La Malmaison, 1917Second Battle of Passchendaele, 1917Battle of Cambrai, 1917Night action of 1/2 December 1917, 1917Attack on the Polderhoek Spur, 1917Second Battle of the Somme, 1918Battle of Soissons, 1918Operation Michael, 1918First Battle of Villers-Bretonneux, 1918Battle of the Lys, 1918Battle of Seicheprey, 1918Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux, 1918Second Battle of the Marne, 1918Third Battle of the Aisne, 1918Combats of Michelbach, 1918Battle of Hamel, 1918Battle of Amiens, 1918Battle of the Ailette, 1918Battle of the Scarpe, 1918Battle of Mont Saint-Quentin, 1918Second Battle of Bapaume, 1918Battle of Havrincourt, 1918Battle of Épehy, 1918Battle of the Canal du Nord, 1918Fifth Battle of Ypres, 1918Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge, 1918Battle of Courtrai, 1918Battle of the Lys and the Escaut, 1918Battle of the Selle, 191819141918Battle of the Somme, 1916
121 placed engagements of the Western Front in time order; taller ticks are more widely documented. Each tick is a link.

Record

Date1 July 1916
to 17 November 1916
PlaceRiver Somme, France
50.016N, 2.697E
KindBattle, First World War
Territorial changeBulge driven into the Noyon Salient
Battle of the SommeBattle of the SommeCapture of La BoisselleBattle of AlbertFirst day on the SommeLeipzig salientCapture of OvillersCapture of La BoisselleBrusselsLilleAntwerpenRouenCharleroiReimsBruggeNamur100 km50.016N, 2.697E
The recorded site, with the nearest other engagements in the atlas. Present-day coastlines, rivers and borders; towns from Natural Earth.
Map: Battle of the Somme
Wikimedia Commons, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

The ground today

Relief of the ground around the site of Battle of the Somme
Relief within about 10.0 km of the site, contours every 10 m. Copernicus DEM GLO-30, ESA.
Satellite view of the site of Battle of the Somme today
The same ground from Sentinel-2 on 2024-09-19. Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2024.

The recorded site stands at about 109 m; within 10.0 km the ground runs from 0 to 179 m, 179 m of relief, hilly country and today it is 76% cropland, 13% tree cover, 7% grassland.

cropland: 76%tree cover: 13%grassland: 7%built-up: 4%cropland 76%tree cover 13%grassland 7%built-up 4%
west to east, 10.0 km65 to 133 mnorth to south, 10.0 km0 to 151 m
Elevation from the Copernicus DEM GLO-30 (ESA, Airbus); land cover from ESA WorldCover 2021 (CC BY 4.0), within about 5 km of the recorded site. Computed, not recorded.

Nearest engagements

Contested ground: this site was fought over 29 times between 1871 and 1918.

In the same war

Elsewhere in 1916

Combat data (CDB90)

Attacker: BR 4TH AND RESERVE ARMIESDefender: GER 1ST ARMY
Strength190,00090,000
Casualties3,500 (1.8%)3,000 (3.3%)
Mission accomplishment, 1 to 1075
Outcomeattacker won
Duration1 day
Front width9.6 km9.6 km
Attacker advanced2 km

From the US Army Concepts Analysis Agency Database of Battles (CDB90, battle 308), public domain, in the CC0 tidy edition by Jeffrey B. Arnold. Figures are the database's estimates, compiled in 1990 from published histories, and may differ from the Wikipedia infobox above.

Battle of the Somme is one of 2,997 engagements of the 20th century in the atlas and one of 1,383 in present-day France.

Sources

Identity, coordinates, dates and the war from Wikidata Q132568, released under CC0. Result, belligerents, commanders, strength and casualties from the infobox of the English Wikipedia article Battle of the Somme, revision 1384744240, read 2026-11-14, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; the article's text is not reproduced here. Present-day country and state from Natural Earth. Dates before 1582 follow the Julian calendar as recorded.