siege, notable, medieval

Siege of Kaifeng (1232)

Name: Siege of Kaifeng (1232)
Location: Kaifeng, People's Republic of China

Siege of Kaifeng (1232) was a siege conducted in 1232 at Kaifeng, in what is now People's Republic of China; it ran into the following year. It was part of the Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty, which ran from 1211 to 1234. The recorded result: Mongol victory; Emperor Aizong flees to Caizhou. Recorded strength: 300,000~ Total against 15,000 (under Subutai).

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Fought1232ran into the following year

WhereKaifeng, People's Republic of China34.794N, 114.340E

OutcomeMongol victory; Emperor Aizong flees to Caizhou

BelligerentsJin dynastyagainstMongol Empire

Casualties and losses~95% of defense force (approx. 285,000~)andSignificant attrition (~40% of initial force)

Part ofMongol conquest of the Jin dynasty1211 to 1234

Where it sits in the Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty

4 placed engagements of the Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty in time order; taller ticks are more widely documented. Each tick is a link.

Record

Date	1232 (year precision) to 26 February 1233
Place	Kaifeng, People's Republic of China 34.794N, 114.340E
Kind	Siege, medieval
Strength	300,000~ Total	15,000 (under Subutai)
Casualties and losses	~95% of defense force (approx. 285,000~)	Significant attrition (~40% of initial force)
Commanders	Emperor Aizong of Jin	Subutai Tolui Ögedei

The recorded site, with the nearest other engagements in the atlas. Present-day coastlines, rivers and borders; towns from Natural Earth.

Nearest engagements

Battle of Chengpu 632 BC, 22 km SE
Battle of Guandu AD 200, 28 km NE
Battle of Xinzheng 1930, 70 km SW
Battle of Bi 597 BC, 87 km W
Battle of Xingyang AD 190, 90 km W

In the same war

Before: Siege of Zhongdu 1215
After: Siege of Caizhou November 1233
All 4 engagements of Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty

Elsewhere in 1232

Siege of Kaifeng (1232) is one of 590 engagements of the 13th century in the atlas and one of 339 in present-day People's Republic of China.

Sources

Identity, coordinates, dates and the war from Wikidata Q15473934, released under CC0. Result, belligerents, commanders, strength and casualties from the infobox of the English Wikipedia article Siege of Kaifeng (1232), revision 1370742195, read 2026-11-14, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; the article's text is not reproduced here. Present-day country and state from Natural Earth. Dates before 1582 follow the Julian calendar as recorded.